Keeping fuel on a farm may seem simple — you fill a tank, run your equipment, and drive on. But storing diesel, gasoline, or other fuels safely is anything but simple. Improper storage can lead to soil and groundwater contamination, regulatory fines, and costly cleanup — problems no farm owner wants to deal with. Whether you’re adding a new tank or evaluating an old one, reliable information matters.
This guide breaks down what you actually need to know about fuel storage tanks for farms — from safety basics to U.S. regulations and practical best practices — so you can make informed decisions.
Why On-Site Fuel Storage Matters for Farms
Farms often operate on tight timelines during planting and harvest, making frequent trips off-site for fuel inefficient. On-site fuel storage tanks help:
- Provide ready access to fuel when equipment needs it
- Reduce time and labor spent refueling
- Lower dependency on delivery schedules during peak seasons
But with this convenience comes responsibility — especially when fuel is stored in bulk. Proper storage tanks and compliance with regulations help protect people, property, and the environment.
Common Types of Fuel Storage Tanks for Farms
There are several configurations of fuel storage tanks that farms commonly use, depending on fuel volume, site layout, and regulatory considerations.
Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs)
Aboveground storage tanks are widely used on farms because they are easier to install, inspect, and maintain. These tanks are commonly used to store diesel, gasoline, and other agricultural fuels and are typically installed on concrete pads or stable foundations.
Depending on total storage capacity and fuel type, ASTs may be subject to federal and state spill prevention requirements, including EPA Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) regulations.
Skid-Mounted and Portable Tanks
Skid-mounted and portable tanks are useful for farms operating across multiple fields or changing work areas. These tanks allow fuel to be moved closer to equipment, reducing travel time during planting and harvest.
While portable in design, these tanks may still count toward total on-site fuel storage capacity under spill prevention rules when they remain in one location for extended periods or are connected for regular use.
Underground Storage Tanks (USTs)
Underground storage tanks store fuel partially or fully below ground, helping conserve surface space and protect tanks from weather or physical impact. Under EPA definitions, a tank system is considered a UST if 10% or more of its volume (including piping) is underground.
USTs are subject to specific federal and state regulations due to the risk of undetected leaks and groundwater contamination. Some smaller farm tanks used for noncommercial purposes may be exempt from federal requirements, but state rules and permitting often still apply.
Federal Rules That Can Apply to Farm Fuel Tanks
EPA Aboveground Storage Tank (AST) Guidance
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides guidance on aboveground storage tanks to protect health and the environment. Even if a tank isn’t directly regulated under federal law, state and local agencies may adopt EPA standards or impose stricter rules.
Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Rule
If your farm stores large quantities of petroleum products (more than 1,320 gallons of aboveground fuel), the EPA’s SPCC Rule may require you to develop an SPCC plan. This plan outlines measures to prevent spills and prepare responses if they occur.
Underground Storage Tank (UST) Regulations
USTs that contain regulated substances are subject to EPA requirements including leak detection and corrosion protection to prevent soil and groundwater contamination. Tanks under certain size and use conditions (like small farm tanks) may be exempt, but it’s important to check both federal and state rules.
Best Practices for Fuel Storage Safety on Farms
Even if your tanks aren’t regulated, adopting best practices keeps farms safer and reduces risk.
1. Use Secondary Containment
Secondary containment (like a dike, berm, or double-walled tank) protects soil and water if a tank leaks. USDA conservation standards recommend this where fuel spills could threaten water supplies.
2. Space and Protect Tanks
Maintain spacing between tanks and structures, and protect tanks from equipment impact (e.g., concrete bollards or barriers). Regional guidelines often specify minimum distances and physical protection measures.
3. Regular Inspection and Maintenance
Check tanks regularly for:
- Corrosion or rust
- Loose fittings
- Leaks or staining around the base
- Integrity of piping and gauges
This helps catch issues before they become costly environmental problems.
4. Keep the Area Clean and Secure
Remove weeds, trash, and combustible materials around fuel tanks to lower fire risk. Fencing and locks can deter tampering or accidental damage.
Final Thoughts
Fuel storage tanks are essential to farm operations, but they also come with safety and environmental responsibilities. Choosing the right tank, understanding applicable regulations, and following basic best practices can help prevent spills, fines, and costly cleanup.
Even when tanks fall below federal thresholds, regular inspections, proper containment, and smart placement still matter. Safe fuel storage ultimately protects the land, equipment, and resources farms rely on every day.
Choose Reliable Fuel Storage for Agricultural Operations
Safe, dependable farm fueling starts with the right fuel storage system. Tex Tank provides API- and NFPA-compliant aboveground and underground fuel storage solutions designed to support agricultural operations while reducing spill, fire, and environmental risks. From small farms to large ag facilities, our tanks are built to handle diesel and gasoline storage for long-term, on-site use.
Call (512) 731-1412 or request a quote from our team in Austin, TX. Tex Tank supports agricultural fuel storage design, fabrication, and compliance assistance for farms across the United States, Canada, and Latin America.